The observed clinal variation in the frequency of serotinous cones may be described as a fairly regular decrease in all directions .

所观察到的晚熟球果的频率梯度变异可描述如下：向四周相当有规律地渐次减少。

Bract scale The structure found in large numbers in the female cone of gymnosperms, each bearing an ovuliferous scale in its axil.

在裸子植物的雌球果存在的结构，每个苞都包含一个珠。

After exogenous MJA treatment, the variation of the terpene volatiles in the conelet and cone were the same as the infested conelcets and cones, but the varying extents were not very high.

外MJA后，与1年生和2年生受害球果挥发成分有类似的变化，但变化的程度要小得多。