That interest rate is called the Discount Rate.

这种利率被称为贴现率。

First, by adjusting the discount rate.

首先，贴现率。

Monetary policy tools include open market operations, adjusting the reserve requirement ratio, and adjusting the rediscount rate.

货币政策中央银行控宏观经济的手段。货币政策工具包括公开市场操作、款准备金率和再贴现率。

Still, it is the other two elements—the value of the investment pot and the discount rate—that decide whether funded ratios soar or sink.

尽管如此，还其他两个因素——投资池的价值和贴现率——决定了融资比率上升还下降。

If interest rates go up a lot, then they're in trouble because the cost of money's gonna be too high to more than offset with the merchant discount rate.

如果利率上升很多，那么他们就有麻烦了，因为资金成本太高，无法抵消商人的贴现率。

One is that the discount rates used by public plans, rather than being benchmarked to a given asset market, are instead set by external committees.

一公共计划使用的贴现率，而给定的资产市场为基准， 而由外部委员会设定的。

Because percentages are important in our life, and even to understand inflation we need to know percentages or to understand the discount, and then the skill you learn at school.

因为百分比在我们的生活中很重要，甚至为了理解通货膨胀，我们需要知道百分比或贴现率，然后你在学校学到的技能。

Lots of people building up a nest-egg-even one that is small relative to their working incomes-creates an imbalance that can, as a result of market forces, push rates lower than their discount rates.

许多人养老金这种现象--即使下来的钱相对于他们的工资来说很少--造成了一种失衡，由于市场力量的作用，这种失衡可能会导致利率低于其贴现率。

The sum has three moving parts: the value of the current investment pot, the discount rate used to calculate the present value of future payouts, and the stream of those expected future payments.

该总和包含三个移动部分： 当前投资底池的价值、用于计算未来支出现值的贴现率， 及这些预期未来支出的流。

Many keep their valuation-work in house: a 2015 survey by Grant Thornton, a consultancy, found that only around a quarter of them sought an independent opinion on the growth and discount rates they use in their models.

许多人将他们的估值工作留在内部：咨询公司 Grant Thornton 2015 年的一项查发现，只有大约四分之一的人就他们在模型中使用的增长率和贴现率寻求独立意见。

A combination of bad investment years (such as 2001 or 2008), falling discount rates, ageing populations and the political infeasibility of asking employees to contribute more has pushed a lot of DB schemes into the red in recent years.

糟糕的投资年份（例如 2001 年或 2008 年）、贴现率下降、人口老龄化及要求员工增加贡献的政治可行性等因素的结合，导致近年来许多 DB 计划出现亏损。