She added, " It's an important step in both stem cell and reproductive biology."

她补充说，“这是干细胞和生殖生物学的重要步。”

They did this by turning mouse stem cells into female cells in a lab.

他们在实验室里将老鼠的干细胞转变为雌性生殖干细胞，从而实现了这点。

Diana Laird is a stem cell and reproductive expert at the University of California, San Francisco.

戴安娜·莱尔德是加州大学旧金山分校的干细胞和生殖专家。

What's the difference between a gamete and a zygote?

生殖细胞和受精卵的区别是什么？

Work is already under way to develop principles for editing reproductive cells.

编辑生殖细胞的原则制定工作已经开始。

Another, they're releasing reproductive cells called spores.

，它们释放做孢子的生殖细胞。

So, a germ cell ovarian cancer refers to situations where these precursor germ cells become cancerous and form tumors.

因此，卵巢生殖细胞癌就是指位于卵巢的生殖细胞癌变形成的肿瘤。

Its stable temperature and high density help preserve and disperse reproductive cells.

稳定的温度和较高的密度有助于保存和分散生殖细胞。

" FYI this is probably the first human germ line editing, " Dr. Quake wrote.

“谨供参考：这可能是人类生殖细胞的首次编辑，”奎克写道。

Many algae, for example, have sex cells that are indistinguishable in size.

例如，许多藻类的生殖细胞大小难以区分。

This is possible because organisms evolve when random mutations happen in the DNA of reproductive cells.

这是可能的，因为当生殖细胞的DNA发生随机突变时，生物就会进化。

However, each reproductive cell has only 23 individual chromosomes.

然而，每个生殖细胞只有 23 条独立的染色体。

Germ cells, as they're called, developed inside a fortress-like structure within the testes.

这些所谓的生殖细胞是在睾丸内个类似堡垒的结构内发育的。

Histologically, prominent features include large, round tumor cells resembling germline tumors; or small cells forming Homer-Wright rosettes.

松果体瘤主要的组织学特征包括类似生殖细胞肿瘤中巨大圆形的肿瘤细胞，或是形成Homer-Wright菊形团的小细胞。

Unless land organisms return to the water to reproduce or have specially adapted sex cells, their options are limited.

除非陆地生物回到水中繁殖或有特别适应的生殖细胞，否则它们的选择是有限的。

It does not always involve strictly female and male individuals with differently sized sex cells that fuse internally.

它并不总是严格涉及拥有不同大小内部融合的生殖细胞的女性和男性个体。

And, each follicle is made up of a germ cell, also known as an oocyte, which is the immature egg.

每个卵泡都由个生殖细胞组成，也就是卵母细胞，就是未成熟的卵子。

Ferns, for example, reproduce from spores and need damp environments for their reproductive cells to reach each other.

例如，蕨类植物从孢子中繁殖，它们的生殖细胞需要潮湿的环境才能相互接触。

The macronucleus controls the non-reproductive cell functions, like eating, movement, and digestion and the micronucleus is necessary for reproduction.

大核控制非生殖细胞功能，如进食、运动和消化， 而微核是繁殖所必需的。

These are the most common germ cell tumor in children, and the tumors can be very aggressive.

这是最常发生于儿童身上的生殖细胞瘤，肿瘤侵袭性较强。