It treats the universe as limited, which is absolutely a form of reactionary idealism.

它把宇宙看成是有限的，这完全是一种反动的义。

The first serious attempt to establish idealism on such grounds was that of Bishop Berkeley.

在这种基础上建立义的第一个认真尝试是 Bishop Berkeley。

Hence his grounds in favour of idealism may be dismissed.

因此，他支持义的理由可能会被驳回。

It takes the stance of pure historical idealism and espouses a doomsday theory.

它采取纯粹的历义立场，拥护世界末日论。

The person would be an " idealist" and the idea of " idealistic" would be " idealism" (idealism).

这个人会是一个“义者”，“义”的想法就是“义”（idealism）。

Johann Gottlieb Fichte (1762–1814) was one of the first German idealists to recognize a glaring contradiction in Kant's argument.

约翰·戈特利布·费希特（Johann Gottlieb Fichte，1762-1814 年）是最早认识到康德论点存在明显矛盾的德国义者之一。

We can begin to state the difference between realism and idealism in terms of this opposition of contents and objects.

我们可以从内容和对象的这种对立开始说明现实义和义的区别。

Such a world does not require an idealistic Platonic response, but a historical response, of the kind found in Thucydides.

这样的世界不需要柏拉图式的义回应，而是修昔底德式的历回应。

The German approach to idealism had Kantian philosophy as its starting point.

德国的义方法以康德哲为出发点。

In the early decades of the twentieth century, several Hegelian philosophers still engaged in the idealist task of system building.

在 20 世纪初的几十年里，几位黑格尔哲家仍然从事系统构建的义任务。

Other German philosophers also joined in the enterprise of transforming Kant's critical philosophy into a metaphysical idealism—most notably, Hegel, Schelling, and Schopenhauer.

其他德国哲家也加入了将康德的批判哲转变为形而上义的事业——最著名的是黑格尔、谢林和叔本华。

Berkeley defended the idealist position that there is no three-dimensional material world, and all that exists are spirit-minds and their thoughts.

贝克莱捍卫了义的立场，即没有三维的物质世界，存在的只是精神-思想和他们的思想。

Thus, when we reject the act, which I think we must, we are driven to a theory of memory which is more akin to idealism.

因此，当我们拒绝这种行为时， 我认为我们必须这样做， 我们就会被驱使到一种更类似于义的记忆理论。

What Fichte tried to do, therefore, was to use Kant's method—stripped of the concept of the unknowable thing-in-itself—and transform Kant's critical idealism into a metaphysical idealism.

因此，费希特试图做的是使用康德的方法——剥离了不可知的事物本身的概念——并将康德的批判义转变为形而上的义。

The logic of the idealist tradition has gradually grown very complex and very abstruse, as may be seen from the Bradleian sample considered in our first lecture.

义传统的逻辑逐渐变得非常复杂和深奥，从我们第一讲考虑的 Bradleian 样本可以看出这一点。

14-2HEGEL 14-2-2Absolute Mind As noted, the thrust of German idealism is that mind is ultimately the source and content of knowledge—not physical objects or some mysterious thingin-itself.

14-2黑格尔 14-2-2绝对智如前所述，德国义的旨是智最终是知识的源头和内容，而不是物理对象或某种神秘的事物本身。

The definition of truth as the correspondence between beliefs and facts seems peculiarly evident in the case of memory, as against not only the pragmatist definition but also the idealist definition by means of coherence.

将真理定义为信念与事实之间的对应关系， 在记忆的情况下似乎特别明显， 这不仅与实用义的定义相反， 而且与通过连贯性的义定义相反。

This illustrates a point which I am anxious to make clear from the outset. Any attempt to classify modern views, such as I propose to advocate, from the old standpoint of materialism and idealism, is only misleading.

这说明了我急于从一开始就阐明的一点。任何试图从旧的物义和义的立场来对现代观点进行分类的尝试，例如我提议提倡的，都只会产生误导。

The grounds on which idealism is advocated are generally grounds derived from the theory of knowledge, that is to say, from a discussion of the conditions which things must satisfy in order that we may be able to know them.

提倡义的基础通常是来自知识理论的基础，也就是说，来自对事物必须满足的条件的讨论，以便我们能够了解它们。

The same view of " consciousness" is set forth in the succeeding essay, " A World of Pure Experience" (ib., pp. 39-91). The use of the phrase " pure experience" in both essays points to a lingering influence of idealism.

在随后的文章“纯粹体验的世界”（同上，第 39-91 页）提出了相同的“意识”观点。两篇文章“纯粹经验”一词的使用都表明了挥之不去的义影响。