The work of Thorndik (Edward Thorndik). This was the first force. The second force was psychoanalysis.

桑代克 这是第一势力 第二势力是精神。

Her work, especially in child analysis, had a major impact on psychoanalysis.

她研究，特别是在儿童领域，对精神产生了深远影响。

Analytics: The title of a treatise on logic by Aristotle 4.

: 亚里士多德关于逻辑一篇论文标题。

Freud and Jung were contemporaries and the two of them were hugely influential in establishing psychology and psychoanalysis in the 20th century.

弗洛伊德和荣格是同一时代人，他在建立 20 世纪心理和精神方面具有极大影响力。

The psychoanalysis is about basically understanding mostly through the subconscious: that's how you understand it; that's how you improve the quality of life.

精神主要通过潜意识 它决定你理解 决定如何改善生活。

We have cognitions and thoughts that matter. It's not just behavior that is important for understanding as well as improving life. And then psychoanalysis, the second force.

我有要认知与思想 不能只靠行为观察 改善人生 然后是第二势力精神。

At much the same time, 700 kilometres to the west, over the border in Switzerland, another pioneering figure in early psychoanalysis, Carl Jung, took a complementary but more direct and arguably more robust approach.

与此同时，在瑞士边境以西 700 公里处，另一位早期精神先驱卡尔·荣格采取了一种辅助式，但更直接、也可以说更稳健方法。

The less obvious aspects of war and science—for example, the introduction of psychoanalysis into British medicine courtesy of shellshock—are given their due, as well as the central Faustian tragedy of the development of the atom bomb.

而战争和科较不明显方面也受到了一定关注，例如，由于弹震症出现将精神引入英国医中，又如原子弹研发（虽然是个浮士德式悲剧）也受到了某种认可。

Freud started writing in the 1890s and is generally considered the father of psychoanalysis, which in turn, has influenced almost all of our pop culture representations of what psychology or therapy or even the mind look like.

弗洛伊德从 19 世纪 90 年代开始写作，他通常被认为是精神之父，而精神反过来也影响了我对心理、治疗甚至心智流行文化认知。

It was furthered in part by association with Erich Fromm who, through his profound knowledge of both sociology and psychoanalysis, made me more aware of the significance of social factors over and above their circumscribed application to feminine psychology.

部原因是与埃里希·弗洛姆交往，他通过其对社会和精神深刻理解，使我更加意识到社会因素要性， 而不仅仅是将其局限于女性心理应用。