The kidney also secretes the hormone erythropoietin which stimulates the production of red blood cells from the bone marrow.

肾也会分泌促红素，后者能刺激骨髓产红。

An artificial version was developed in the late 1980s to treat anaemia.

20世纪80年代晚期科学家曾发明种人工促红素用于治疗贫血症。

In chronic kidney disease, erythropoietin levels fall and this leads to lowered production of red blood cells, and ultimately anemia.

慢性肾病中，促红素水平降低，导致红产减少，最终导致贫血。

The same hope underlies the use of the banned drug erythropoietin (EPO).

使用禁用药物促红素 (EPO) 也承载着同样的希望。

Meanwhile, the kidneys make more erythropoietin, a hormone that increases red blood cell production.

同时，肾脏会产更多的促红素，种增加红的激素。

The kidneys regulate our levels of red blood cells through the release of erythropoietin, a hormone which causes marrow to increase production.

肾脏通过释放促红素来调节我们的红水平，促红素种导致骨髓增加产量的激素。

RBCs are produced in the bone marrow, in response to erythropoietin - which is a molecule secreted by the kidneys in response to low levels of oxygen in the blood.

红（RBC）在促红素的刺激下于骨髓中；促红素肾脏应对血液中的低氧水平而分泌的种分子。

And this is usually done with either blood transfusions, using your own blood, or by injecting yourself with erythropoietin, a molecule that stimulates the production of more red blood cells.

通常通过输血、使用自己的血液或给自己注射促红素来完，促红素种刺激更多红产的分子。

Steroids, erythropoietin (EPO) and newer, less familiar performance-enhancing drugs (PEDS) will have bulked their muscles, enriched their blood and allowed them to train harder than unenhanced humans would find possible.

类固醇、促红素(EPO)和更新的、不太为人所知的提高体能的药物(PEDDS)能够让服用者的肌肉更加强健，血液更加丰富，如此他们就能够比普通人类更加努力地训练。

As with EPO, says Dr Tucker, the idea is to improve the all-important power-to-weight ratio- but by tinkering with the " weight" side of the equation instead of the " power" side.

塔克博士表示，与促红素样，种方法的目的提高能量体重比，至关重要——不过在等式的“重量”侧而不“能量”侧进行修补。

Intravenous iron therapy can sometimes be useful, and when hemoglobin levels fall below 7 grams per deciliter, transfusions with packed RBCs, or erythropoietic agents like epoetin alfa or darbepoetin alfa may be given to improve symptoms.

静脉注射铁剂有时也有用，当血红蛋白水平降至7g/dL以下时，可以输注红或用红剂，如阿法依泊汀（促红素）、阿法达贝泊汀来改善症状。

He admitted that doping helped him for each of his seven Tour de France wins, by using EPO, human growth hormone, and diuretics. He also admitted to falsifying documents saying he passed drug tests, according to media reports.

据媒体报道，他承认在每次环法自行车赛胜利中都使用了促红素（EPO）、人类长激素和利尿剂。他还承认伪造文件称自己通过了药检。