Oligometastatic (OM) disease is an intermediate state between localized malignancy and widespread metastatic disease.

少（OM）疾病是介于局部瘤和广泛疾病之间中间状态。

Before the biopsy, I could be a 27-year-old woman who might have metastatic breast cancer, who probably had metastatic breast cancer.

在活检之前，我可能是一名可能患有乳腺癌 27 岁女，她可能患有乳腺癌。

The management of oligometastatic disease is discussed in Chapter 8. The choice of initial therapy is guided by the patient's molecular characteristics.

寡疾病治疗将在第 8 章中讨论。初始治疗选择以患者分特征为指导。

This serves as a first step in providing rational selection criteria for surgical treatment of oligometastatic disease in clinical trials (see Chapter 8).

这是为临床试验中寡疾病手术治疗提供合理选择标准第一步（见第 8 章）。

Brain metastases Given the ability of the blood- -brain barrier to prevent drug penetration, the brain has traditionally been considered a sanctuary site for metastatic disease.

脑 鉴于血脑屏障具有阻止药物渗透能力，大脑传统上被认为是疾病避难所。

The successful application of checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic NSCLC without targetable mutations (see Chapter 6) has inspired ongoing efforts to incorporate the same strategy into the treatment of early-stage disease.

检查点抑制剂在无靶向突变非小细胞肺癌中成功应用（见第6章）激发了人们不断努力将相同策略纳入早期疾病治疗中。

I think of the people that we have failed, and so I take, obviously, joy and pleasure from seeing people recover, and we can cure patients with widely metastatic cancer now with immunotherapy.

我想到是我们治疗失败人，因此，很显然，我看到人们康复后会感到欣喜和愉悦，现在我们可以通过免疫疗法治愈患有广泛癌症患者。

Key points - oligometastatic disease and brain metastases OM disease is an intermediate state between localized and widespread metastatic disease, and is further split into subcategories based on the chronicity of development of metastatic disease.

要点 - 寡疾病和脑 OM 疾病是局限疾病和广泛疾病之间中间状态，并根据疾病发展慢程度进一步分为亚类。

But some of the early studies would suggest that patients who have metastatic lymphoma, which you can see spread throughout this person's body on their CAT scan, that they may have a remarkable response to these types of drugs.

但一些早期研究表明患有淋巴瘤患者，你可以在他们 CAT 扫描中看到扩散到这个人全身，他们可能对这些类型药物有显着反应.