Modified larch tannin was prepared by grafting copolymerization and sulfoalkylation, and successfully used as retanning agent, possessing good water solubility and enhanced penetration rate.
Larix kaempferi Carr. seedlings were more photophilic and had strong photosynthetic capacity, which were not prone to photoinhibition,while Larix gmelinii Rupr. seedlings were more shade-tolerant.