ALS affects nerve cells in the brain and the spinal cord.

ALS影响大脑神经和脊髓。

Your brain has just as many neurons as Albert Einstein's did!

你的脑神经元数量和爱因斯坦的一样多！

Ms. Graber is here for brain mapping. Dr. Stevens?

给 Graber 太太解释一下什么是脑神经映射，Stevens 医生。

The cranial nerves can also be involved, and that can cause symptoms like double vision and difficulty speaking.

脑神经受损时，会导致复视和说话困难等症状。

Some of your cranial nerves also carry motor fibers that control voluntary functions, like moving your eyeballs around.

你的一些脑神经还携带运动纤维，控制自发功能，比如移动眼球。

A specific cranial nerve, cranial nerve V, is the trigeminal nerve and it's responsible for the sensation in the face.

举例来说，第五对脑神经三叉神经负责面部的感觉。

And, you know, just to keep things interesting, some of your cranial nerves carry both motor and sensory neurons.

更有趣一些，脑神经同时携带运动神经元和感觉神经元。

You see, boredom pushes us away from low-stimulus situations because variety and stimulation literally lead to neurogenesis – brain-cell growth.

无聊促使我们离开低刺激的环境，因多样化与刺激有助于脑神经的生长。

What is the shortest cranial nerve in the human body?

人体最短的脑神经是什么？

The olfactory nerve, which aids with smell, is the shortest cranial nerve.

嗅觉神经有助于嗅觉，是最短的脑神经。

And the way we activate neuroplasticity in our brains at any age is by challenging ourselves in a few different ways.

我们在任何年龄激活大脑神经可塑性的方式都是通过用几种不同的方式挑战自己。

Kumi Kuroda is a lab head at the RIKEN Center for Brain Science in Japan — and a mother of four.

Kumi Kuroda 是日本理研脑神经科研究中心的室负责人，也是四个孩子的母亲。

The investigators used a deep learning computer model that mimics the layers of neurons and memory capabilities of the human brain.

研究人员使用“深度习”模型，这是一种可以模拟人类大脑神经元层和记忆能力的计算机模型。

They took their inspiration directly from nature, observing movement patterns in fungal hyphae, brain neurons, and pollen tubes.

他们直接从大自然中汲取灵感，观察真菌菌丝、脑神经元和花粉管的运动模式。

But the firing of the brain cells occurred on a different timeline, enhancing the process and making it all the more powerful.

但是大脑神经元的活跃时间是不同的，这会增强这个过程，使它更有能量。

First, memory declines, then reasoning, and then eventually basic physiological functions as vital brain neurons continue to deteriorate.

首先，记忆力下降，然后推理能力下降，最后随着重要的大脑神经元的基本生理功能继续恶化。

What they discovered is that there are very distinct neurobiological changes in different parts of their brains，depending on which type of depression they had.

发现不同大脑部位的脑神经变化截然不同，而这取决于病患的抑郁症类型。

The PNS is a vast network of spinal and cranial nerves that are linked to the brain and the spinal cord.

PNS是由连接到脑和脊髓的脊神经和脑神经构成的巨大网络。

Peripheral nerves that originate from the brain are called cranial nerves, and they're in charge of motor and sensory innervation of the head and neck.

从脑发出的周围神经叫做脑神经，支配着头颈的运动和感觉。

Synesthesia is a neurological condition where your brain is basically cross-wired, so certain stimuli will come in and it'll create the wrong response in my brain.

通感是一种基于神经基础的感知状态，在此状态下，脑神经会凌乱失控，导致刺激物进入脑神经造成大脑内神经错误效应。