In the presence of impurities or in a nonstoichiometric solid, free electrons or electron holes are produced as a result of “charge compensation” to neutralize the effect of charged ionic defects 。
杂质存
况下,或
非化学计量比
固体中,
了中和带电离子缺陷所引起
电
衡,便会产生自由电子或电子空穴。