Abstract: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids(PAs) are widely distributed in plantae.Many PAs are hepatotoxic,Lung toxicity(carcinogenesis),neurotoxic and cytotoxic.
We can get a feel for how these plant types came to be by referring to the plant kingdom's phylogenetic tree, a diagram that shows us how organisms evolved over time.
Today, we're giving some attention to the unsung heroes of the botanical world — those essential plants that were the first to join the party, but that tend to lie low.
For example, the entire vegetable kingdom on our planet is a huge dissipative structure because it feeds on light, which normally would be a useless by-product of the sun's combustion.
As for the foregrounds passing before our eyes, they were fantastically carved rocks, forests of trees that had crossed over from the vegetable kingdom into the mineral kingdom, their motionless silhouettes sprawling beneath the waves.
If we look even to the two main divisions—namely, to the animal and vegetable kingdoms—certain low forms are so far intermediate in character that naturalists have disputed to which kingdom they should be referred.
It is the doctrine of Malthus applied with manifold force to the whole animal and vegetable kingdoms; for in this case there can be no artificial increase of food, and no prudential restraint from marriage.