So, why do other animals bother with sex?

那么，为什么还需要有殖呢？

So for one thing, they work only in sexually reproducing species.

首先它只能应用于有殖的物种。

And in the autumn, they switch back to sex.

到了秋季，它们就会回归有殖。

Scientists hypothesize that sex makes up for its shortcomings with long-term gains.

科学家们提出假说，认为有殖的长期收益能弥补不足。

It is not involved in sexual mixing, so it changes only by the random process of mutation.

它不参与有殖中的基因重组，所以只有随机突变中才会发变化。

But sexual reproduction in the microcosmos is not like sexual reproduction for the rest of us.

但微观宇宙中的有殖不同于我们其他人的有殖。

Sexual reproduction with gene exchange is going to make a difference.

通过基因交换的有殖将会产影响。

So, how does this have to do with sexual reproduction?

那么，这与有殖有什么关系呢？

IVF works by mimicking the brilliant design of sexual reproduction.

IVF 的工作原理是模仿有殖的绝妙设计。

Species which reproduce parthenogenetically and sexually have the best of both worlds - enjoy the advantages of very different things at the same time.

既能单殖又能有殖的物种两头受益——同时享有截然不同的事物的优势。

A coral consists of clonal  colonies of the same organism, although sexual reproduction also occurs  between corals through the release of spores.

珊瑚由同一物的克隆群落组成，尽管珊瑚之间也会通过释放孢子进行有殖。

We'll also, if we have time, going to look at sexual reproduction, which is probably what you guys are all interested in anyway.

如果有时间的话， 我们还会研究有殖，这可能也是你们都感兴趣的。

Also, if environmental conditions are poor, asexual reproduction involves less effort than sexual reproduction because the female doesn't need to waste resources finding a mate.

此外， 如果环境条件较差，无殖所需的努力比有殖要少， 因为雌不需要浪费资源寻找配偶。

Since sexual reproduction is necessary for the reproduction of society, this view says that sex has to be organized in some way, in order for society to function.

由于有殖对于社会的再产是必要的，这种观点认为必须以某种方式组织起来，以便社会运作。

It may be worth notice that when Wagner's remarkable discovery was first announced, I was asked how was it possible to account for the larvae of this fly having acquired the power of a sexual reproduction.

值得注意的是， 当瓦格纳的非凡发现首次被宣布时，有人问我如何解释这种苍蝇的幼虫获得了有殖的能力。