In the stomach, there are four regions - the cardia, the fundus, the body, and the pyloric antrum.

贲门部、胃底部、胃体部以及幽门部。

And then in September 2017 was when I was diagnosed with H. Pylori .

然20179月，我被诊断出患有幽门螺杆菌。

The pyloric sphincter allows food to pass into the small intestine only after it has been transformed into chyme.

幽门括约肌使食物转化为食糜才能进入小肠。

Origet, infatuated with his own doctrines, had mistaken the case, he ought to have attended only to the pylorus.

痴迷于自己的学说的 Origet 搞错了，他应该只关注幽门。

Dr. Marshall and Dr. Warren pinpointed a spiral-shaped bacteria called Helicobacter pylori, or H. pylori, as the real offender.

Marshall 博士和 Warren 博士指出了一种名为幽门螺杆菌 ( Helicobacter pylori)或幽门螺杆菌 ( H. pylori) 的螺旋状细菌是真正的罪魁祸首。

Now, once the stomach is done, doing what stomachs do, the pyloric sphincter opens, allowing the chyme to pass into the small intestine.

当胃部的工作完成，幽门括约肌便会打开，使食糜利进入小肠。

H. pylori can make over 1,500 proteins, many of which are dedicated to maximizing its virulence.

幽门螺杆菌可以制造 1, 500 多种蛋白质，其中许多专门用于最大限度地发挥其毒力。

Yet H. pylori survives the acidic turmoil of the stomach with a variety of features that disrupt mucosal defense in its favor.

然而， 幽门螺杆菌胃的酸性紊乱中幸存下来，具有多种破坏粘膜防御的功能。

The contents of the stomach impact alcohol's ability to get into the blood because after eating, the pyloric sphincter, which separates the stomach from the small intestine, closes.

胃里的东西会影响酒精进入血的能力，因为进食之幽门括约肌闭合，而幽门括约肌是分隔胃部和小肠的部分。

This type is extranodal - mostly happening in the lining of the stomach among individuals with chronic inflammation, like those with Helicobacter pylori infection, a bacteria that causes chronic gastritis.

这种类型是结外的，主要发生慢性炎症患者的胃粘膜中，比如感染了幽门螺杆菌的患者；幽门螺杆菌是一种导致慢性胃炎的细菌。

There's also a pyloric sphincter, or valve, at the end of the stomach which closes while eating, keeping food inside for the stomach to churn over and over again.

胃部末端也有括约肌，称为幽门括约肌；它进食的时候关闭，以便食物能胃中得到充分的搅拌、混合。

H. pylori is one of humanity's oldest and most frequent companions, having joined us at least 50,000 years ago, and now found in 50% of people.

幽门螺杆菌是人类最古老、最常见的伙伴之一，至少 50, 000 前就加入了我们的行列，现 50% 的人都存。

However, we do know individual genetics, other medical problems, use of certain medications, smoking, and the genetic diversity of Helicobacter strains all play a role.

然而，我们确实知道个体遗传学、其他医学问题、某些药物的使用、吸烟以及幽门螺杆菌菌株的遗传多样性都会发挥作用。

In particular, certain pain medications used to reduce inflammation in joints have been discovered to work with H. pylori to create more severe stomach ulcers.

特别是，已发现某些用于减轻关节炎症的止痛药与幽门螺杆菌一起使用会导致更严重的胃溃疡。

It is a coiled long tube that winds from the pyloric sphincter of the stomach to the beginning of the large intestine, filling much of the abdominal cavity.

小肠是从胃的幽门括约肌一直蜿蜒到大肠起始部的长管，并遍及大部分腹腔区域。

Some of the proposed reasons are flatworm and hookworm infection, H. Pylori infection, gastrointestinal bleeding and their vitamin intake being disrupted by the incorporation of modern high-starch foods to the diet.

其中一些原因是扁虫和钩虫感染、幽门螺杆菌感染、胃肠道出血以及由于饮食中加入现代高淀粉食物而中断了维生素的摄入。

For example, in their Science Essentials course, they explain the story of how Barry Marshall proved that peptic ulcers are not the result of stress and spicy foods, but the bacteria H. Pylori.

例如，科学的本质课上他们解释 Barry Marshall 证明胃溃疡不是压力和辛辣食物引起的，而是感染幽门螺旋杆菌。

The cardiac sphincter relaxes and contracts to move food from the esophagus into the stomach, whereas the pyloric sphincter allows food to leave the stomach when it has sufficiently digested.

贲门括约肌通过舒张和收缩将食物从食道移动到胃中，而当食物被充分消化，幽门括约肌通过舒张和收缩使其离开胃。

The process of discovery began in 1983 when Barry Marshall, a doctor in Perth, Western Australia, found that many stomach cancers and most stomach ulcers are caused by a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori.

这个发现过程始于1983。当时，西澳大利亚州珀斯的巴里·马歇尔医生发现，许多胃癌和大多数胃溃疡为一种名叫幽门螺旋杆菌的细菌所致。

It receives chyme and gastric juices from the stomach through the pyloric sphincter, but it also imports bile from the liver and gallbladder, enzymes from the pancreas, and creates its own homegrown mix of enzymes.

它通过幽门括约肌从胃中接收食糜和胃，但它也从肝脏和胆囊进口胆汁，从胰腺进口酶，并创造自己的酶混合物。