The 3 base codes are known as codons. So GGT is a " codon" for Glycine.

个碱基编码被称密码子。所以 GGT 是甘氨酸的“密码子”。

What is the only animal species in the Genus Rhincodon?

属于鲸鲨密码子属中唯一的动物是哪一个？

Three base codons on the mRNA code for one amino acid.

一个氨基酸的 mRNA 编码上的个碱基密码子。

The words in which the instructions are written are called codons, and the letters are known as bases.

指令中所写的单词被称密码子，单词中的一个个字母被称碱基。

The paper gives some fascinating examples. Evo2 can accurately predict the three-base periodicity pattern of codons.

篇论文提供了一些引人入胜的例子。Evo2可以准确预测密码子的碱基周期性模式。

Sometimes, the third base in a codon can vary without changing which amino acid it codes for.

有时，密码子中的第个碱基可以发生变化，而不会改变它编码的氨基酸。

The genetic code is a rulebook that defines which codon encodes which amino acid.

遗传密码是一本规则手册，它定义了哪个密码子编码哪个氨基酸。

So, for example, the triplet codon TCG encodes the amino acid serine.

因此，例如，联密码子 TCG 编码氨基酸丝氨酸。

And triplet codons that encode the same amino acid are defined as synonymous codons.

编码相同氨基酸的联体密码子被定义同义密码子。

And this means that most amino acids are encoded by more than one triplet codon.

意味着大多数氨基酸由不止一个联体密码子编码。

So, for example, the amino acid serine is encoded by six different triplet codons.

因此，例如，氨基酸丝氨酸由六个不同的联体密码子编码。

And the order of triplet codons in DNA encodes the order of amino acid building blocks in a protein.

DNA 中联体密码子的顺序编码了蛋白质中氨基酸组成部分的顺序。

We asked whether life needs multiple synonymous codons to encode a single amino acid.

我们询问生命是否需要多个同义密码子来编码单个氨基酸。

Specifically, we could remove components of the translational machinery, specific tRNAs, that normally read the codons that we've removed from the genome.

具体来说，我们可以移除转化体系的成分，即特定的转运 RNA，它们通常会读取我们从基因组中移除的密码子。

Now, the key point here is that we've created a cell that no longer reads all the codons in the near-universal genetic code.

现在，里的关键点是我们已经创建了一个不再读取近乎通用的遗传密码中的所有密码子的细胞。

For example, does life need six different codons, which all code for the amino acid serine?

例如，生命是否需要六个不同的密码子，它们都编码氨基酸丝氨酸？

The specific sequence of these bases into groups of three, known as codons, gives our cells instructions to make each of the proteins in our bodies.

些碱基的特定序列分个一组， 称密码子，我们的细胞提供指令以制造我们体内的每一种蛋白质。

Recall that the order of triplet codons in DNA encodes the order of amino acid building blocks in a protein.

回想一下，DNA 中联体密码子的顺序编码了蛋白质中氨基酸构建块的顺序。

And it's the translational machinery of cells that reads the triplet codons and builds the corresponding sequence of amino acids.

是细胞的翻译机器读取联体密码子并构建相应的氨基酸序列。

So for example, we replaced the TCG and TCA codons, which encode the amino acid serine, with AGT and AGC codons, which also encode the amino acid serine.

因此，例如，我们将编码氨基酸丝氨酸的 TCG 和 TCA 密码子，替换也编码氨基酸丝氨酸的 AGT 和 AGC 密码子。