The tiny oocyte moves along the fallopian tube.

微母细胞沿输管运动。

The primary oocyte has 46 chromosomes, but eventually it has to turn into a gamete with only 23 chromosomes.

初级母细胞有46条染色体，但是最终会变成只有23条染色体配子。

But right around birth, the oocytes stop developing — they get stuck in the first stage of meiosis.

但是在出生时候，母细胞停止发育——它们卡在减数分裂阶段。

So, during ovulation, the follicle ruptures and releases the egg, which inadvertently leads to epithelial cell damage.

在排过程中，泡破裂，母细胞释出，也无意中导致了皮细胞损伤。

The truth is, most sperm never reach an oocyte.

事实是，大多数精子永远无法到达母细胞。

And, each follicle is made up of a germ cell, also known as an oocyte, which is the immature egg.

每个泡都由个生殖细胞组成，也就是母细胞，就是未成熟子。

Those enzymes are the key to getting through the oocyte's protective outer layers.

这些酶是穿过母细胞保护外层关键。

To do this, the primary oocytes have to complete meiosis 1, and in a person's lifetime only about 400 successfully do that.

要变成配子就必须要经历减数分裂，而个人生中大概只有400个初级母细胞可以做到。

If fertilization doesn't happen, then the corpus luteum stops making hormones after around 10 days, becomes fibrotic, and is called the corpus albicans.

如果级母细胞没有受精，大概10天之后，黄体就会停止释放激素而纤维化，形成白体。

After ovulation, the secondary oocyte makes a very quick journey through the peritoneal space and lands in the fallopian tube.

排之后，级母细胞会快速地通过腹膜，最后落入输管。

Meanwhile, the primordial follicle turns into a primary follicle, meaning that the follicular cells that surrounding the primary oocyte develop into granulosa cells.

与此同时，包围初级母细胞滤泡细胞分化为颗粒细胞，使始基泡变为初级泡。

This inner machinery includes two ovaries stocked with thousands of tiny sacks called follicles that each contain one oocyte, an unfertilized egg cell.

这套内部机制包含两个巢，巢内存有成千万微袋子，叫做泡，每个泡内都含有个母细胞，即未受精细胞。

Each primordial follicle has a single immature sex cell called the primary oocyte at the core, and a layer of follicular cells surrounds this.

每个始基泡中心都有个未成熟生殖细胞，叫做初级母细胞，被泡细胞包裹。

This tells the secondary oocyte to get ready to complete its second meiotic division.

这告诉级母细胞准备完成二减数分裂。

In fact, sometimes only a dozen or so of the original millions make it through all those trials to actually reach an oocyte.

事实，有时候几百万个母细胞中只有打左右通过了所有这些试验最终得到了母细胞。

The first stage lasts from infancy to puberty, and during this stage the primary oocyte remains stuck in the prophase step of meiosis 1.

阶段从婴儿期到青春期，初级母细胞还停留在减数分裂前期。

You'll remember that during ovulation, about once a month, an ovary releases a secondary oocyte that heads down the fallopian tube and toward the uterus.

你会记得在排期，大约个月，巢释放个级母细胞，该母细胞沿着输管流向子宫。

Once it's past that, it runs into the zona pellucida, a layer of glycoprotein that covers the oocyte's plasma membrane.

旦过了这个阶段，它就进入透明带，覆盖母细胞质膜层糖蛋白。

These two phases are separated by ovulation, which is when the follicle ruptures and releases an oocyte that is ready to be fertilized.

这两个阶段被排分开，排即：母细胞被泡排出，准备好受精。

This triggers the primary oocyte within the dominant follicle to finally complete meiosis 1, and turn into a secondary oocyte, which has 23 chromosomes.

这使得优势泡里初级母细胞最终完成减数分裂，变成了有23条染色体级母细胞。