裸子植物的

The carpel is homologous with the megasporophylls of certain spore-bearing vascular plants (pteridophytes) and the ovuliferous scales of gymnosperms.

心皮和能产生孢子的维（羊齿类）还有具胚珠的裸子的大孢子叶是同源的。

Areography of the gymnosperms of China (1): Distribution of the Pinaceae of China.

中国裸子分布区的究(1)——松科的地理分布.

Bract scale The structure found in large numbers in the female cone of gymnosperms, each bearing an ovuliferous scale in its axil.

在裸子的雌球果中大量存在的结构，每个苞鳞都个珠鳞。