Specimens were collected in accordance with CDC guidance and included serum and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens.

的案例定义。 是根据 CDC 指南收集的， 包括血清、咽和口咽拭子。

The initial respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs) obtained from this patient on day 4 of his illness were positive for 2019-nCoV (Table 2).

该患者在发病第 4 天采集的初始呼吸道（咽和口咽拭子）呈 2019-nCoV 阳性（表 2）。

The full genome sequences from oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal specimens were identical to one another and were nearly identical to other available 2019-nCoV sequences.

来自口咽和咽的全基因组序列彼此相同， 并且其他可用的 2019-nCoV 序列几乎相同。

Nucleic acid was extracted from rRT-PCR–positive specimens (oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal) and used for whole-genome sequencing on both Sanger and next-generation sequencing platforms (Illumina and MinIon).

从 rRT-PCR 阳性（口咽和咽）中提取核酸， 并用于在 Sanger 和下一代测序平台（Illumina 和 MinIon）上进行全基因组测序。

Specimens for repeat 2019-nCoV testing were collected on illness days 7, 11, and 12 and included nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabs, serum, and urine and stool samples.

在发病第 7 天、第 11 天和第 12 天收集用于重复 2019-nCoV 检测的， 包括咽和口咽拭子、血清以及尿液和粪便样。

Both upper respiratory specimens obtained on illness day 7 remained positive for 2019-nCoV, including persistent high levels in a nasopharyngeal swab specimen (Ct values, 23 to 24).

在患病第 7 天获得的两份上呼吸道仍呈 2019-nCoV 阳性， 包括咽拭子中的持续高水平（Ct 值， 23 至 24）。

Nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens were collected with synthetic fiber swabs; each swab was inserted into a separate sterile tube containing 2 to 3 ml of viral transport medium.

咽和口咽拭子采用合成纤维拭子采集； 每个拭子被插入一个单独的无菌试管中， 试管中装有 2 至 3 毫升的病毒转运培养基。

A second episode of loose stool was reported overnight; a sample of this stool was collected for rRT-PCR testing, along with additional respiratory specimens (nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal) and serum.

隔夜报告了第二次稀便； 收集了该粪便样用于 rRT-PCR 检测， 以及其他呼吸道（咽和口咽）和血清。

To perform RT-PCR, some of the extracted sample from the nasopharyngeal swab is added to a solution containing an enzyme called reverse transcriptase, nucleotides and primers that are complimentary to a specific SARS-CoV-2 target sequence.

RT-PCR的操作步骤是：首先将咽拭子的部分样加入到含有逆转录酶、核苷酸和引物的溶液中，其中的引物将SARS-CoV-2病毒的目序列互补。

To do that, you would collect a nasopharyngeal swab which is where you take a long q-tip with only one soft end and twirl it a few times inside a nostril to get enough secretions on it to be analyzed.

医护人员首先需要向被采样对象采集咽拭子，即用一根较长的无菌棉签探入到腔，并在腔内部停留几秒转动二三圈，取样用作分析。

The low cycle threshold (Ct) values (18 to 20 in nasopharyngeal specimens and 21 to 22 in oropharyngeal specimens) on illness day 4 suggest high levels of virus in these specimens, despite the patient's initial mild symptom presentation.

发病第 4 天的低循环阈值 (Ct) 值（咽为 18 至 20， 口咽为 21 至 22）表明这些中的病毒水平很高， 尽管患者最初的症状很轻微。