An increase in the money supply can have two effects.

货币供应量的增加会产生两个影响。

When The Fed boosted the money supply again, that raised inflation expectations even more.

当美联储再次振货币供应时，进一了通胀预期。

To speed up the economy, The Fed boosted the money supply, which lowered interest rates.

为了加速经济增长，美联储增加了货币供应，导致利率降低了。

Oversees one of the world's biggest money supplies, but lacks political independence.

管理着世界上最大的货币供给之一，但缺乏政治独立精神。

I would like to expand the money supply.

它说 我要增加货币供应量。

Now, a slightly broader definition of the money supply.

现在 再扩展到更广义的货币供给。

It would also harm other central banks' ability to control their money supplies.

也会损害其他中央银行控制其货币供给的能力。

And this is what people say when they talk about the money supply.

这是人们说到货币供应时会认为自己所拥有的钱。

And as we'll see soon, that actually increases the money supply when you do that.

我们很快会看到 实际上这样做会增加货币供给。

The agency oversees all U.S. banks, ensuring the money supply is stable.

该机构负责监督所有美国银行, 确保货币供应稳定。

It's responsible for implementing monetary policies, basically the Fed controls the country's money supply.

负责实施货币政策的美联储基本上控制国内的货币供给。

A decrease in money supply has the opposite effect.

货币供应减少会产生相反的效果。

The Fed Chairman, Paul Volker, decreased the money supply, causing interest rates to shoot up.

于是美联储主席保罗·沃尔克(Paul Volker)减少了货币供应量，导致利率飙升。

And the government did little to control the national money supply, even when the economy faced disaster.

即使在经济面临灾难的时候，政府也很少控制国家的货币供应。

As a result, international banking and finance organizations suspended international financing services and cut off money supplies.

结果，国际银行和金融组织暂停了国际金融服务，并切断了资金供应。

With these options at its disposal, The Fed can increase or decrease the money supply pretty darn quick.

有了这些可供选择，美联储可以迅速增加或减少货币供应。

Industrial output and fixed-asset investment also decelerated last month while the expansion in broad money supply remained steady.

工业产出和固定资产投资也在上个月放缓，而广义货币供应量的增长保持稳定。

But how does a central bank change the money supply?

但央行是如何改变货币供应的呢？

So that's the base money supply.

这就是基础货币供给。

Why don't they just grow the money supply?

他们为什么不直接增加货币供给呢？