Urdu, the lingua franca of Pakistan, is necessary but less familiar.

巴基斯坦的通用语乌尔都语不可缺，但并不人熟知。

In our next lecture, I am going to talk about lingua franca and its functions.

下一讲，我将讲通用语及其功能。

English has emerged as a global lingua franca, essential for international business and communication.

英语全球通用语言, 对国际商务和沟通至关重要。

For example, when an Indian talks to a Singaporean using English, then English is the lingua franca.

例如，当一个印度人用英语和一个新加坡人谈话时，英语就通用语。

If aid workers are lucky, they may find people who know Kanuri, a kind of lingua franca in Borno.

如果幸运的话，救援人员可能会找到懂卡努里语（博尔诺州的一种通用语言）的人。

Although English is not the language with the largest number of native or first language speakers, it has really become a lingua franca.

虽然把英语作母语第一语言的人不最多的，但它确实了一种通用语。

While English has emerged as a global lingua franca, there are also efforts to preserve linguistic diversity and revitalize endangered languages through digital technologies.

虽然英语全球通用语言，但也有人努力通过数字技术保护语言多样性并振兴濒危语言。

French was the lingua franca. France was in vogue.

法语通用语。 法国很流行。

(Laughter) Memes are our internet's lingua franca.

（笑声） 模因我们互联网的通用语。

Russian became the lingua franca, needed for any serious work.

俄语了任何严肃工作所需要的通用语。

The sailors had a lingua franca, which centered on English and Spanish and Portuguese.

水手们有一种通用语言，主要英语、西班牙语和葡萄牙语。

Now, lingua franca, literal, franca, franca.

现在，lingua franca，字面意思，franca，franca。

But in general the whaling lingua franca is English.

但总的来说，捕鲸活动的通用语言英语。

It is often a lingua franca of conferences, for example.

例如，它常常会议的通用语言。

But JavaScript in the front end has always been the lingua franca.

但JavaScript在前端领域始终通用语言。

Plus, I'm working on improving my English proficiency, as it's the lingua franca in the scientific community.

此外, 我正在努力提高我的英语水平, 因它科学界的通用语。

It has relatively few native speakers – estimates range from 2 million to 18 million – but has spread across the continent as a lingua franca.

以它母语的人相对较少——估计在200万到1800万之间——但它作一种通用语传遍了整个欧洲大陆。

Any intelligent organism would at the very least need the ability to locate the position of objects in space. So the ideal interstellar lingua franca would be haptic.

任何智能生物最少都需要有知晓物体在空间中所在位置的能力。所以最理想的星际沟通方式应该触觉。

That is, how did English gain the present status of popularity? There are in fact a number of interlocking reasons for the popularity of English as a lingua franca.

也就说，英语如何达到现在的普及程度的？事实上，英语作一种通用语言得到普及，有许多相互关联的原因。

For example, it became a lingua franca in India where a variety of indigenous languages made the use of any one of them as a whole country system problematic.

例如，因印度有多种土著语言，将任何一种语言作全国通用语，都会造严重的问题，所以英语印度的通用语。